Explicit and implicit in teaching grammar By Milnawati
Name: Milnawati
NIM: 1610117320020
EXPLICIT and IMPLICIT
METHODS In TEACHING GRAMMAR
Abstract
This essay explains about explicit and implicit methods in teaching
grammar, the advantages and disadvantages of both these methods. The aimed is
the readers especially the teachers know the methods in teaching second
language. The teachers can to know explicit or implicit methods that suitable
used to students in learning second language. And it is hoped that this paper
can be a reference of the teacher in teaching the second language and the
teachers can used well-chosen methods and can achieve desired goal.
Key words: language, explicit,
implicit, advantages, and disadvantages.
Introduction
Language is one of the important aspects of human. By
the language peoples can communicated with each others. Language be one of the
important courses in every school from elementary school to senior high school
event at university.
In this new era, students required for can more than
one language. It useful for their future while work. Even though, learning the
second language is not easy. Brown (2007:1) stated, learning language is a
difficult something. Brown said, that is because learning the second language
must learn the different language of daily and then must learn the culture, ways
of think, and action of that country. Other than that, learning the second
language must understanding form, meaning, and using.
Base on the learning of language, that explains, in
this write will explains about the learning of language. Especially will
explains about the learning of form or grammar. The learning of grammar in this
write is especially on the methods of learning of grammar explicit and implicit
in learning of the second language.
According Cook (2008:18), grammar is an aspect of
language that more unique. Because Cook said that based on the experts of
language, learned grammar with the different ways of another things that
learned by human. While, the learning of grammar can not limit only on explains
the formal structure form if students required can using grammar for achieve
the communication with meaning. The both of that explains show pro and contra
in grammar. In other side the learning of language must understand the form and
the rules, while in the other one learning of language must understand the
meaning.
In learning English, there are two methods that used
for learning second language. It is explicit and implicit methods.
First, explicit methods. It is means clear. It means
students will learning English with more details and clear. Like as a teacher
give explains about the patterns of tenses and when it used. Or can said that,
this method required students to memories of all the pattern of tenses and
right in used grammar. Brown (2007:291) said, explicit methods is learning that
do consciously or directly and aimed to
explains grammar in details based on the rules in grammar.
Explicit methods is suitable for students that want to
learn English in details. In addition, if students want to get scholarship,
then students must use this method.
In a research, the title is “The Effect of Explicit
and Implicit Teaching Vocabulary on Iranian EFL Learners Vocabulary” year 2017.
The sample are 2 group, one group consists 10 of Iranian students. Group 1 used
explicit methods and group 2 used implicit methods. The result is explicit
methods is more effective for teaching vocabulary than implicit methods.
Explicit group has 48 errors and then implicit group has 73 errors.
Nevertheless, this methods also has advantages and
disadvantages.
The advantages is learning English with this method students
can to know the rules of grammar in right. The disadvantages is this method
quite slow and need long time to fluent in speaking.
Second, implicit methods is a learning indirectly. Brown
(2007:291) said that, implicit method is a learning method indirectly. It means that students learning English indirectly
understand the grammar or students learning English without the rules of
grammar but with understanding the meaning. According to Savage (2010), in implicit method
the target form used in the utterances made to communication with the students.
Students understand the meaning and sustain the communication.
This method are suitable for the students that want
used English as communication in daily activities and that want to fluent in
English without memorize the pattern of grammar. Larsen in Spolsky (1999) said
that, a learning of language aimed to achieve communicative skill.
It is same like explicit method, implicit method is
also has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages is students easy to
communication in second language without thinking the rules and the pattern of
grammar, while the disadvantages is students make many errors in communication.
In Indonesia many schools from elementary school until
senior high school used explicit method than implicit method. Because it will
difficult if teaching English without teach kinds of tense, pattern, and the
rules in grammar before. Because in Indonesia students in the class or in around
school rarely to communication in English, while implicit method is the method
that must often listening and practice to communication in English, so that its
method success to do. Dkhissi (2013:242) said that, the learning of language
only focus on convey grammar without explains and understanding the meaning can
damage the learning of language.
However, in a word that curriculum 2013 now using
implicit method, because in this day is the global era that students required
can speak more one language. Dkhissi (2013:242) said that, combination of
earning of language between focus on pattern and focus on meaning it will to be
methods of the best learning.
In conclusion, explicit method and implicit method are
two methods in learning of the second language. Explicit method is the method
that focus on the rules of grammar, while implicit method is the method that
focus on communication with the understanding the meaning. The both of those
methods are the same good for teaching the second language. Although, have pro
and contra which the methods are the best in the learning of second language.
Both of them are also have same advantages and disadvantages. So the point of
both methods are the teachers must smart choose which are the methods are
suitable for the students in learning the second language and then the teachers
must creative in using this methods so that the methods that used can achieve
the goals that want.
References:
http://www.wilenglish.com/dua-metode-dalam-mempelajari-bahasa-inggris/ access on December 18, 2018
Seyyed & Fatemeh.2017. The Effect of Explicit and Implicit Teaching Vocabulary
on Iranian EFL
Learners Vocabulary. Journal 4(1), 15-25, 2017 access on December 18, 2018.
Brown, H. Douglas.2015.Teaching by
Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy: San Francisco State University.
Brown, H. D.2007.Principles of
Language and Teaching. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Cook, Vivian.2008.Second Language
Learning and Language Teaching. London: Hodder Education.
Dkhissi, Yahya.2013. An
Integrative Model of Grammar Teaching: from Academic to Communicative Needs. Arab World English
Journal: Volume, 4 Number.1,2013.
Spolsky, Bernard.1999.Concise
Encyclopedia of Education Linguistics. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd.
Savage, K. L.2010.Grammar Matters:
Teaching Grammar in Adult ESL Programs. New York, NY: Cambridge University
Press.
Komentar
Posting Komentar